The dialectical method in popular extension research: theoretical and methodological contributions to knowledge production

Abstract

This essay aims to support those involved in the development of extension activities and/or conducting research on extension by providing conceptual and theoretical-methodological elements from the historical and dialectical materialist perspective. This is in response to the growing interest in research focusing on extension, many of which evoke the dialectical approach as a method. Although references to the use of dialectics in scientific research are increasingly prevalent, there are notable simplifications in its understanding and application. This underscores the ongoing need for researchers to be well-versed in the theoretical and methodological aspects of scientific practice, aiming for methodical, rigorous, cohesive, and coherent development. Thus, we initially outline some introductory considerations about the genesis and development of the historical-dialectic materialist conception in Marxian thought. Next, we focus on issues related to the method, highlighting principles, concepts and categories central to its understanding and application. Finally, we provide a brief overview of the main points addressed in this article. Therefore, we hope to contribute to the critical-reflexive deepening of extension as a field characterized by divergences, conflicts and political-ideological disputes. We also aim to highlight extension as social work that contributes to the formation of individuals, the construction of knowledge, and the establishment of social and institutional relationships and practices. This, within their limits and potentialities, may either maintain the status quo or be directed towards influencing the emancipatory construction of an alternative society.