Geolocation of socio-environmental problems related to basic sanitation in the neighborhood of São Francisco, Codó-MA, Brazil

Abstract

The forms of urban land occupation and management influence sanitation conditions both positively and negatively and can generate serious socio-environmental problems. Socioenvironmental issues have been a topic of discussion on the national scene, especially considering the new basic sanitation framework, Law No. 14,026/2020. The objective of this study was to analyze the geospatial distribution of socio-environmental problems in the São Francisco
neighborhood, in Codó-MA, linked to the dumping of domestic sewage and disposal of solid waste. The methodological procedures adopted were: i) field campaigns for photographic records; ii) collection of geolocation points using the Google Maps app on the Smartphone; iii) plotting and production of maps in the Qgis3.34.6 environment; iv) analyses based on academic production on the subject with the help of data from IBGE and Instituto Trata Brasil. The results pointed to thirteen locations with irregular dumping of solid waste and twelve points with domestic sewage. Since the 1990s, according to data from IBGE and Trata Brasil, there has been a slow process of
solving the city's problems, which has become increasingly complex and far from a positive outcome. It can be concluded that basic sanitation (garbage collection and sewage treatment) in the São Francisco neighborhood lacks investment in the sewage collection and treatment network and that the municipal government must find practical solutions in the short, medium and long term.