Revista Interdisciplinar em Cultura e Sociedade

Editorial Dossiê Pesq. interdis. sobre Práticas Cult.: artes, linguagens e subjetividades

2025-12-08T18:49:39-03:00

O Dossiê “Pesquisa interdisciplinar sobre Práticas Culturais: artes, linguagens e subjetividades” publicado na Revista Interdisciplinar em Cultura e Sociedade (RICS) realiza-se a partir de uma articulação entre o Mestrado Profissional em Estudos de Cultura e Política da Universidade Federal do Amapá (PPCULT/UNIFAP), o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cultura e Sociedade da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (PPGCULT/UFMA) e o Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Sociobiodiversidade e Educação do Campus Universitário do Marajó-Breves, da Universidade Federal do Pará (PPGSE/UFPA).

O dossiê teve como objetivo reunir estudos que discutam práticas e processos socioculturais no contexto da região amazônica e suas interações com contextos locais e globais, enfatizando a dimensão simbólica na constituição de práticas e sentidos vividos na região.

Esse dossiê chega em momento oportuno, em que as discussões sobre as práticas e os processos socioculturais da Amazônia receberam destaque durante a realização da trigésima Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre Mudanças Climáticas (COP-30), realizada em novembro de 2025, em Belém. Nesse contexto, o dossiê traz textos que analisam saberes e práticas dos povos tradicionais da Amazônia. Entre os autores, há indígenas, ribeirinhos e quilombolas, o que demonstra o papel dos povos tradicionais da Amazônia no crescente protagonismo na produção de conhecimento científico.

O conjunto de textos destaca-se por tematizar a constituição e as interfaces entre processos sociais ligados à produção, circulação e reconhecimento de sentidos, bem como de conhecimentos e saberes.

Os processos de constituição de sentidos na ação político-cultural de sujeitos, grupos e movimentos sociais.

Os modos de apropriação e produção simbólica e comunicacional em ações sociais, políticas, artísticas e literárias, considerando saberes tradicionais em suas distintas linguagens.

Os artigos reunidos tratam de maneira interdisciplinar dos temas de infância, gênero e interculturalidade; expressões culturais como o marabaixo e suas relações econômicas e políticas, práticas produtivas como pesca artesanal, cosmologia e saberes de povos indígenas; justiça climática, suas relações com território e linguagem e o estatuto cultural e epistemológico da Amazônia; políticas públicas, direito à cidade e ensino escolar.

Boa leitura!

Decolonizing and pluralizing language and words for the strengthening of plural and inclusive public policies: Childhoods and the historical-dialectical method

2025-08-15T20:23:19-03:00

This paper provocatively challenges the superficial view that referring to "childhoods" in the plural contradicts the historical-dialectical method — especially in academic fields with limited engagement in language studies. I begin with two central questions: (I) What are the impacts of a fixed, restrictive, and singular understanding of words on public policies and social life? (II) What are the consequences of a limited conception of childhood, rooted in the idea of a universal subject, for protecting children and adolescents with racialized bodies and subaltern territories? Revisiting theorists of discourse analysis inspired by Marxian thought, I also draw on Marxist intellectuals of the African diaspora to conceive language as political, ideological, and racialized matter. To name and make plurality visible is not merely to acknowledge diversity — it is to resist colonial violence and affirm lives that do not fit within hegemonic, universal, and singular words.

Reflections on the role of women in Marabaixo

2025-08-31T23:53:33-03:00

This article reflects on women's involvement in Marabaixo, an Afro-Amazonian cultural manifestation in the state of Amapá. This qualitative research is based on fieldwork involving primary data collection and a literature review. The Afro- Amapaense cultural manifestation of Marabaixo represents both a form of artistic, cultural, economic, political, and religious expression, as well as a space for resistance, identity, and collective Amazonian memory. The Marabaixo Cycle brings with it a moment of reflection, ancestry, communication, engagement, and the exchange of multicultural knowledge within the socio-reflexive context of the cultural manifestation, with the protagonists themselves carrying out the actions of their traditional knowledge passed down from generation to generation, keeping their memories alive. The research results indicate that women occupy essential roles in Marabaixo, being responsible for much of the symbolic, religious, and community structure of the manifestation. Women's involvement reveals itself not only as a continuation of tradition, but also as an active force of cultural and political resistance in the face of historical processes of invisibility and urban transformations that directly impact Black and peripheral territories.

Artisanal fishing in the Amazon – Ancestral knowledge and practices and public policies

2025-09-07T17:23:58-03:00

This article examines Amazonian small-scale fishing through the narrative of José, a riverside dweller from the Beija-Flor River, weaving together sociology, law, and visual arts to understand how memory, aesthetics, and politics intertwine in the management of the Closed Season Insurance (Seguro-Defeso). Combining narrative inquiry, juridical-institutional analysis, and collaborative aesthetic experience, the study shows that fishers structure their work around an ecological calendar driven by floods and ebbs—seldom acknowledged by official regulations. Although essential, the Seguro-Defeso remains misaligned with this cosmoperception, exposing the gap between bureaucratic logic and local practice. Its limitations mirror a colonial legacy: legal categories that treat fish as mere resources, alongside environmental degradation from gold mining, monocultures, and hydroelectric dams that restrict fishing territories and silence displaced community voices. The article concludes that protecting fish is inseparable from protecting those who fish, and that responsive policies depend on effectively incorporating riverside knowledge into the design and implementation of public actions aimed at socio-environmental justice.

Language, territory and resistance: Climate justice and cultural rights in the Amazon between indigenous and urban communities

2025-08-31T15:26:47-03:00

This qualitative article is a comparative case study that explores climate justice, environmental racism, and linguistic and cultural rights in the Amazon. The work analyzes the vulnerability and resilience of indigenous communities in Oiapoque and peripheral urban populations in Macapá, highlighting how socio-environmental and cultural inequalities impact both groups. The research reveals that language preservation, care for the territory, and the right to consultation are pillars of cultural and environmental justice, and that communities develop resistance strategies based on their culture and ancestral knowledge in response to exploitation and state neglect.

Intercultural dialogues between Afro-Amazonian axé and the knowledge of the Wajãpi people of Amapá

2025-08-30T21:38:59-03:00

This article reflects on the intercultural dialogues between religions of African origin and the traditional knowledge of the Wajãpi people in Amapá, located between the municipalities of Pedra Branca do Amapari and Laranjal do Jari. Although the authors have distinct perspectives, life stories, and experiences, they identify similarities in cultural aspects, especially in the field of religiosity and symbolic resistance. The research adopts a qualitative approach, presenting researchers' accounts, field observations in indigenous territories and terreiros (religious sites), as well as a literature review. The analysis highlights cultural practices from different cosmologies, but they share experiences of confronting racism. By exploring these connections, the article contributes to the appreciation of the cultural diversity of the Amazon and proposes, albeit initially, reflections for the cultural appreciation and identity of Amapá.

Hello, hello, Amazon: Bonds and memories built through radio

2025-08-30T21:42:08-03:00

This article reflects on the importance of the radio program "Alô, Alô Amazônia," which has a history spanning over 50 years and plays a significant role in communication with residents of various riverside communities in Amapá and northern Pará. During this time, many bonds and memories have emerged, both for those who created and continue to create the program, and for its listeners. Therefore, based on an interview with the presenter Janete Carvalho, who contributed profoundly to the program's history and success, this research sought to verify the importance of the radio program in building the presenter's connections and memories. In this type of programming, orality as an ancestral practice is understood not only as a form of knowledge transmission but also as an instrument of resistance and cultural valorization. From an interdisciplinary perspective, this text presents the ties and bonds that have been strengthened through the radio program, ensuring the construction and continuity of both the presenter's individual memories and the collective memories of riverside communities that identify with the communication promoted by the radio program.

The Amazon as a mirror of ignorance and invisibility

2025-09-04T09:42:27-03:00

This article reflects on the Amazon as a symbolic and political space in dispute. Its objective is to highlight how artistic practices, especially contemporary Indigenous art, function as resistance to historical invisibility and structural violence imposed by colonial and capitalist visions. The adopted methodology involved bibliographic review and qualitative analysis based on the experience reports of two Amazonian researchers: one with urban experience and the other Indigenous. The Amazon is presented as a periphery of the global capitalist system, often reduced to a “demographic void” or “resource reserve” by external views that reproduce the coloniality of power. This logic generates epistemological and physical violence, dehumanizing traditional peoples and rendering invisible, including, the urban Amazon. Faced with this oppression, art emerges as a powerful instrument of contestation and production of counter-hegemonic knowledge, affirming identities and challenging power structures. Contemporary Indigenous art, in particular, constitutes a field of visibility, weaving the ancestral and the current to denounce threats to the territory and the future. Thus, art is understood as a political act of affirmation and liberation from the “Eurocentric mirror.”

Traditional knowledge and sustainable practices: A comparative study between the Igarapé do Lago quilombo and the Água Branca do Cajari extractive community in Amapá

2025-09-01T11:25:59-03:00

This article sets out to make a comparative study between the Traditional Communities of Igarapé do Lago and Água Branca do Cajari, highlighting the sustainable practices used by these populations established in the Amazon, revealing their struggles and challenges to maintain their traditional way of life in the face of the advance of capitalist geopolitical projects over the region. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the sustainable practices used by the two communities from the perspective of survival and environmental preservation. The methodology used was qualitative and descriptive research with data collected using the bibliographical method. The research revealed similarities between the way of life and production of the two communities, in terms of the application of traditional knowledge and the use of sustainable practices with a low environmental impact, despite the challenges faced. There is therefore an urgent need to adopt solutions that combine the sustainable exploitation of Amazonian biodiversity with environmental preservation and the way of life of these traditional peoples.

Reflections on the teaching of regional history: Experiences during an internship at a rural school in Caroebe/RR

2025-09-06T20:40:29-03:00

This work presents the contributions and importance of working with the theme of Regional History in the classroom, with students in the final years of Elementary School, in a rural school from the municipality of Caroebe/ State of Roraima. For a better understanding of the subject in question, a bibliographical study was carried out to present how the teaching of Regional History, was developed and also an analysis was made of the pedagogical proposal of a History teacher at a rural school. Despite the positive results and achievements in relation to the teaching of Regional History, the study concluded that it still needs more attention and materials aimed at teaching the diversity of each region, that enable to the young people to recognize their cultures and local characteristics. Therefore, the work highlights the need for teachers to share some of their reality with students so that they have knowledge about their state and a greater identification with the subject of History.

A social and urban portrait of Macapá (1878–1925): Case study on the property of the enslaved worker Lucinda and the bricklayer Jerônimo

2025-09-05T20:19:18-03:00

Historic documents show us that the process of urban land occupation in Brazilian cities was not always peaceful. In the case of Macapá in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it was no different. Thus, bringing the analysis of the issue to the local context, this article proposes a case study on a plot of land, located in the central area of the city, mentioned in three documents from the archival collection of the Amapá Court of Justice (TJAP). The property was left in a will (1878) by Phelippe Pedro de Ary to an enslaved woman named Lucinda. Shortly after receiving her legacy, Lucinda sold the land (1881) to the stonemason Jerônimo Bernardo da Rosa. After occupying the land peacefully and without dispute for more than four decades, Jerônimo da Rosa filed a lawsuit for recognition of ownership (1925) and found himself threatened by the very state that, until then, had shown no interest in the area. In this case study, we start from the hypothesis that the social conditions of the parties - the seller (an enslaved woman) and the buyer (a stonemason) - would have impacted the judicial decision of the case: it was abandoned and without a judgment on the merits. Although not conclusive, the article contributes to the construction of local knowledge by showing details of the socio-spatial dynamics and power disputes that ended up in the Judiciary.

The field of research on Afro-Brazilian religions: Limits and possibilities in the Amazon

2025-08-31T16:03:01-03:00

This articleis part of the final report of a research project conducted in 2024 to obtain aMaster's degree, presented to the Professional Master's Program in History Teaching, and proposes a discussion on thedevelopment of the field of research on African-based religions from anational, regional, and local perspective. As a methodology, we used aliterature review, where we analyzed the works of prominent Africanists andlocal researchers and concluded that interest in research in the field ofAfrican-based religions in the Amazon, especially Candomblé, aroused theinterest of researchers in the region only in the early years of the 21st century andthat there are still many aspects related to the formation of the field ofin the Amazon that need to be researched.

Expediente

2025-11-30T15:47:02-03:00

Editorial – Dossiê Rousseau, Kant e Diálogos (RICS – v. 11, n. 2, 2025)

2025-11-30T16:07:37-03:00

Editorial DOSSIÊ ROUSSEAU, KANT E DIÁLOGOS RICS-V11-N2-2025

Editorial Área Livre RICS-V11-N2-2025

2025-11-30T19:45:31-03:00

EDITORIAL

A presente edição da Revista Interdisciplinar em Cultura e Sociedade-RICS apresenta em sua Área Livre os oito artigos que trazem pesquisas e estudos articulando literatura, audiovisual, filosofia, musealização, análise de discursos dentre outros temas:

O primeiro artigo intitulado “Ser Autónomo depois do acolhimento - “E Agora?”- Uma experiência de intervenção comunitária” das autoras Cristiana Montes e Custódia Martins apresenta um estudo de caso sobre uma prática de intervenção comunitária contextualizada no âmbito da educação não-formal em Portugal. O estudo descreve como a prática de uma educação não-formal possibilita e promove uma formação holística dos sujeitos sociais. Como conclusão, a intervenção identificou a necessidade de escuta atenta e qualificada dos jovens e crianças.

O segundo texto de autoria da Maisa Ramos tem como título “La Langue Et L’histoire Dans Le Discours Politique Des Présidents Lula Da Silva Et Evo Morales: Une Analyse Comparative” visa compreender as transformações da representação do campo político discursivo na América Latina. A autora se debruça sobre as diversas modalidades de liderança, autoridade, legitimidade e credibilidade políticas, examinando a emergência e o sucesso dos sujeitos políticos como Luís Inácio Lula da Silva e Evo Morales Ayma na condição de dirigentes políticos que refletem grupos minoritários em seus respectivos países.

Em seguida, o artigo do autor Alexander Ortega-Marin denominado “Castas, Clanes Y Mestizajes: imaginarios raciales en la narrativa de Marvel Moreno” estuda tanto as noções de raça, estereótipo e preconceito quanto as de casta e clã empregadas por Marvel Moreno para expressar os códigos da elite de sua Barranquilla ficcional. Essas noções são analisadas em relação ao significado atribuído pelo historiador Jaramillo Uribe. Examinam-se, assim, os preconceitos ligados à cor da pele, à ascendência, à mestiçagem, à mulher e aos casamentos mistos.

Já em “O Paradoxo da Democracia: Da igualdade à desigualdade” os autores Luis Felipe Garcia Lucas e Marcos Alexandre Gomes Nalli dedicam-se a compreender o sentido dos conceitos de igualdade e desigualdade obra de Rancièr identificando a relação que há entre a arte, a educação e a ação política. Dessa forma, na filosofia de Rancière encontra-se uma linha que transpassa por todas essas áreas: a ideia de igualdade entre os atores sociais.

Logo em seguida, o textos de Rodrigo Lima Maciel nomeado de “O Conde De Monte Cristo, De Alexandre Dumas: Uma Denúncia À Hipocrisia E Às Imoralidades Da Burguesia Francesa No Século XIX” busca construir uma análise sobre a obra O conde de Monte Cristo (1846), de Alexandre Dumas, com vistas a flagrar uma crítica à sociedade burguesa de seu tempo, no que se refere às condutas imorais para a ascensão social e política na França, no século XIX. Nesse contexto interpretativo, o método crítico e sociológico de Antônio Cândido, que pensa o mundo externo como elemento interno da obra, serve-nos como orientação teórica e metodológica. Essa análise, portanto, possibilitará outras chaves interpretativas para essa obra clássica da literatura ocidental, no campo do atravessamento “literatura” e “sociedade”.

Em “Os Ruídos do Medo: Pedagogias Culturais do Filme Som Da Liberdade” Os Autores Aurivar Fernandes Filho e Leandro Castro Oltramari analisam como o filme Som da Liberdade, lançado em 2023 no Brasil, se constitui como uma pedagogia cultural que fomenta o pensamento de extrema direita, através de estratégias como o pânico moral e o dog whistle (apito de cachorro). Para isso foram analisadas a obra e as suas repercussões em comunidades que a compartilhavam e comentavam, especificamente no Instagram e no Facebook. Os resultados identificaram forte moralismo cristão atrelado à obra, assim como pânico moral nas comunidades do filme.

Na texto que trata sobre musealização denominado de “Uma tentativa de musealização do conhecimento: a contribuição do Museu de Mineralogia e Geologia da Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto na formação de engenheiros” de Carlos Augusto Ribeiro Jotta analisa a formação da coleção de mineralogia da antiga Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto atual Escola de Minas da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. Tal análise tem como objetivo mapear a trajetória da coleção desde a sua entrada até à musealização das amostras. Este estudo buscou responder como o conjunto de minerais presente no Gabinete de Mineralogia contribuiu para a formação de engenheiros de minas no século XIX e início do século XX. Os resultados mostram um trânsito de coleções oriundas de outras instituições nacionais e estrangeiras e seu uso didático mesmo após a sua musealização em 1930.

No penúltimo texto da área livre intitulado “Gamificação o Processo de Aprendizagem de Algoritmos no Curso Técnico em Redes de Computadores no Centro de Excelência em Ensino Profissionalizante José Figueiredo Barreto em Sergipe” dos pesquisadores Elinario Santos Costa e Alana Danielly Vasconcelos estuda sobre a integração da gamificação com a educação profissionalizante que emerge como uma estratégia inovadora e promissora na tentativa de engajar os estudantes no aprendizado da disciplina de algoritmo. Assim, a proposta dessa pesquisa é compreender como a gamificação pode auxiliar no processo de aprendizagem dos discentes da disciplina de algoritmo do Centro de Excelência em Ensino Profissional José Figueiredo Barreto.Os resultados apresentados geram resultados valiosos para pesquisas futuras, bem como a sugestão de revisão em pontos da gamificação.

E, por fim, o último artigo trata sobre a percepção dos médicos-veterinários das diferentes regionais brasileiras sobre a adoção da ética profissional, com ênfase na realidade prática entre 2012 e 2017, à luz do Código de Ética estabelecido pela Resolução CFMV nº 722/2002 As infrações se concentraram nos capítulos referentes às responsabilidades e ao comportamento profissional, demonstrando que a maioria das punições decorreu de falhas de conduta ética individual. Assim, reforça-se a importância do cumprimento rigoroso do Código de Ética, que estabelece o propósito da profissão em servir à sociedade com lealdade, diligência e respeito.

Boa leitura!

Being self-employed after shelter – Now what? An experience of community intervention

2025-11-30T17:40:28-03:00

This article aims to present a community intervention practice contextualized within the framework of non-formal education. Thus, it intends to describe how the practice of non-formal education enables and promotes a holistic development of individuals. Non-formal education is characterized by being intentional insofar as it is concerned with the personal, social, and professional development of individuals. Within this context, it will be easier to understand why Socio-Cultural Animation (SCA) is situated within the scope of non-formal education. The diagnosis of needs and interests was carried out based on qualitative research methodologies, namely informal conversations with the technical team of the foster home, observation through direct contact with some of the young people in the process of becoming autonomous, and document analysis and consultation of the Casa 2020 Report. In all phases of this intervention, we considered it imperative to listen to all those involved in this process, but especially the children and young people. This implied numerous reformulations of the process. We can say that promoting autonomy in young people in foster care is a topic that has been little explored and has received little research in our country.

Language and history in the political discourse of presidents Lula da Silva and Evo Morales: A comparative analysis

2025-11-30T17:53:26-03:00

This article is drawn from our doctoral research entitled "Language, Body, and Voice in Latin American Political Discourse: Properties and Transformations of Command and Political Representation." This research, based on the theoretical formulations of discourse affiliated with the work of Michel Pêcheux, as well as on the contributions of cultural anthropology and political science, aims to understand the transformations of representation in the political field of discourse in Latin America. We are also interested in the various modalities of leadership, authority, legitimacy and credibility, examining the emergence and success of the political subjects Luís Inácio Lula da Silva and Evo Morales Ayma, as political leaders.

Castes, clans and miscegenation: Racial imaginaries in the narrative of Marvel Moreno

2025-11-30T18:04:31-03:00

This article deals with notions such as race, stereotype and prejudice, in the form of caste and clan, as used by Marvel Moreno in order to express the social code of the elite in her fictional Barranquilla. These notions are discussed by following historian Jaime Jaramillo Uribe. Prejudices on skin colour, ancestry, miscegenation, women and interclass marriages are examined.

The paradox of democracy: From equality to inequality

2025-07-09T15:24:10-03:00

Rancière’s work questions the meaning of the concepts of equality and inequality in politics or, more specifically, in political acts. However, his work is more comprehensive on this issue, walking on the relationship between art, education and political action. Thus, in Rancière’s philosophy there is a line that permeates all these areas: the idea of equality between social actors. Equality is recognized and attributed as the foundation of democracy, art and education. From this position, we seek to analyze in the works and thought of Rancière a way that we can develop a discussion regarding the development of the idea of equality and inequality in the political sphere duality generates the decontextualization of the concept of democracy.

O Conde de Monte Cristo, de Alexandre Dumas: Uma denúncia à hipocrisia e às imoralidades da burguesia francesa no século XIX

2025-10-29T16:25:17-03:00

This article constructs an analysis of the book The Count of Monte Cristo (1846), by Alexandre Dumas, with a view to highlighting a critique of the bourgeois society of his time, with regard to immoral conduct for social and political ascension in France, in the 19th century. XIX. In the context of the novel, the betrayal suffered by the protagonist Edmond Dantès resulted in his arrest and suffering. This coup was the result of the work of three antagonists (Danglars, Fernand and Villefort), representatives of this Parisian bourgeoisie, all of whom are involved in a series of corrupt acts for their own benefit. Therefore, it is possible to understand Alexandre Dumas's novel as a space of discursive and critical counterpoint – in the game of literary representation – to this new dominant class. In this interpretative context, Antônio Cândido's critical and sociological method, which thinks of the external world as an internal element of the work, serves us as theoretical and methodological guidance. This analysis, therefore, will enable other interpretative keys for this classic work of Western literature, in the field of crossing “literature” and “society”.

The noises of fear: Cultural pedagogies of the film Sound of Freedom

2025-05-28T16:30:35-03:00

Totalitarian and politically conservative perspectives have come into prominence around the world, even in countries that are historically understood as symbols of democracy. The same has happened in Brazil. Social media and other cultural artifacts have been instrumentalized for this purpose. This essay aims to understand how the movie Sound of Freedom, released in 2023 in Brazil, constitutes itself as a cultural pedagogy that fosters far-right thinking through strategies such as moral panic and the dog whistle. Therefore, the movie and its repercussions in communities that shared and commented on it, specifically on Instagram and Facebook, were analyzed. The results identified strong Christian moralism linked to the film, as well as moral panic in the movie's communities. In addition, many conspiratorial speeches against science, the State and against secular progressive thinking were disseminated in these communities

An attempt to musealize knowledge: The contribution of the Museum of Mineralogy and Geology of the School of Mines of Ouro Preto to the training of engineers

2024-07-17T17:30:47-03:00

The present research analyzes the formation of the mineralogy collection of the former School of Mines of Ouro Preto, current School of Mines of the Federal University of Ouro Preto. This analysis aims to map the trajectory of the collection from its entry to the musealization of the samples. As a methodological path, the exploratory research collected information in online repositories and in the archives of the UFOP School of Mines and the Museum of Science and Technique of the UFOP School of Mines. This study sought to answer how the set of minerals present in the Mineralogy Cabinet contributed to the training of mining engineers in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The results show a transit of collections from other national and foreign institutions and their didactic use even after their musealization in 1930.

Gamification in the algorithm learning process in the Computer Networks technical course at the José Figueiredo Barreto Center of Excellence in Vocational Education in Sergipe

2025-08-06T10:36:34-03:00

The approach to vocational education in Brazil has been faced with significant challenges, especially with regard to learning effectiveness, motivation and the issue of student dropout. In this context, the integration of gamification with professional education emerges as an innovative and promising strategy in an attempt to engage students in learning the algorithm discipline. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to understand how gamification can help in the learning process of students in the Algorithm discipline at the José Figueiredo Barreto Center for Excellence in Professional Education. As for the methodology adopted, it was based on a qualitative approach, of an exploratory nature, with regard to research-training procedures. The results presented generate valuable results for future research, as well as suggestions for reviewing gamification points.

Retrospective study of the disciplinary sanctions applied to veterinarians by the CFMV/CRMVs system from 2012 to 2017

2025-12-08T11:17:36-03:00

Veterinarians play a fundamental role in society, as they are responsible not only for animal health but also for safeguarding public health and food safety. In recent years, however, an increase in ethical violations and scandals involving professionals has been widely reported in the media. The objective of this study is to analyze the perception of veterinarians from different regional councils in Brazil regarding the adoption of ethical conduct, focusing on professional practice between 2012 and 2017, in accordance with the Code of Ethics established by CFMV Resolution No. 722/2002. Data were collected from the National Press website, based on publications in the Federal Official Gazette related to sanctioned veterinarians during the period. A total of 50 professionals were identified. Public Censure was the most frequent penalty, applied to 40 individuals (80%). Suspension was the second most common sanction, consisting of four suspensions of 90 days, one of 60 days, two of 30 days, and one of 15 days. Two license revocations were also recorded, the only ones since the regulation of the profession. The infractions were mainly related to chapters addressing professional responsibility and conduct, indicating that most sanctions resulted from individual ethical misconduct. These findings highlight the importance of strict adherence to the Code of Ethics, which defines the professional commitment to serve society with loyalty, diligence, and respect.

Olympe de Gouges, Rousseau, women, and the theater, or how humanism passes through feminism

2025-12-08T10:09:13-03:00

An admirer of the work of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Olympe de Gouges, in her text Le bonheur primitif (Primitive Happiness), reclaims some of the Genevan thinker's fundamental concepts: state of nature, progress, liberty, inequality, theater, and women. The objective of this article is to analyze how this influence was fundamental to the author's conception of the possibility of human progress and its relationship with gender equality, mediated by education as emulation and expressed through the theater.

A protagonist in the shadows of Rousseau’s thought

2025-12-08T10:25:18-03:00

This article discusses the possible impact of the disguised protagonism of certain female figures in Rousseau's thought. Taking as a starting point the relationship between natural equality and social inequality, the aim is to problematize the transformation of the woman—capable of confronting the adverse circumstances of the state of nature, protecting herself and her offspring, and thus a strong, intelligent, and perceptive person—into an individual without initiative or strength, subordinated to a patriarchal society. Based on this scenario, the paper seeks to investigate, in Rousseau's texts, the actions of women who, without challenging social customs, become protagonists for their communities. These women reached a wide audience and deeply moved their readers. This situation finally leads us to question the relationship between the profound emotion they aroused and the ideas that contributed to the social transformations that led to the revolution.

In the shadow of the letter: madame Dupin, Rousseau, and the invisibility of women's voices in the 18th century

2025-12-08T10:54:33-03:00

This article examines the unfinished work of Louise-Marie-Madeleine Dupin (1706-1799), known as the Ouvrage sur les femmes (Work on Women), and the conditions of its invisibility in the history of philosophy. Through the analysis of the inventory prepared by Anicet Sénéchal (1963), the role of Jean-Jacques Rousseau as her secretary, and contemporary critical reception (Marty, 2021; Hunter, 2009; Lastičová, 2023), it is argued that the reception of the manuscripts was marked by a gender bias that privileged the masculine letter as the criterion for authority. The metaphor of the construction of inequality, present in Dupin's writings, and her critique of Montesquieu, reveal a philosophy that anticipates central debates of political modernity while simultaneously being silenced by the canon. It is concluded that rediscovering Dupin is to interrogate not only her philosophy but the very historical mechanisms of exclusion in the constitution of modern philosophy.

Rousseau and the epic of the confessions, from Susanne Bernard to Penelope: a heroic myth of the legacy of a sensitive heart

2025-12-08T11:01:24-03:00

In the Confessions, there are many elements that corroborate traits of the epic, including the striking presence of the virtuous female figure Penelope in his autobiography and in his novel. Of course, with other elements, presenting the model of telling about oneself. It places some conflicts of the Homeric world alongside his own lifestyle, evidenced in the similar traits that Rousseau brings to his memoirs. Even without using arguments, we perceive a narrative with plot, action, characters, and feelings, as there is an attempt to align his personal novel with classical doctrine, but without the support of an existing literary parallel; therefore, a modern and original attempt to present a new style. Thus, the intention is to present some important moments from the Confessions where the author refers to Homer's epic, mainly through Penelope, when retracing the genesis and structure of his philosophical novel, Julie, or The New Heloise, but also some moments where the author refers to the Odyssey in The New Heloise itself, when recounting Julie's virtuosity in comparison to illustrious female characters of the Western tradition, such as Penelope, and in Emile, when referring to the song of the Sirens. Although these are only suggestions, since at no point does Jean-Jacques explicitly state this intention, nor does he outline a theory about it, nor does he directly apply the epic formula. It is quite true that the differences appear more than the similarities; however, the author uses classic moments from the events of the Odyssey, adapting and recalling these events to his purpose based on some aspects of his "epic plot," using the style and scenes of the epic in a modern formula like that of an autobiography, which he perceives as a great vein of modernity. Perhaps, he was simply a writer who intended to use some epic characteristics as a real basis for a new genre that was being created, revealing how far he was from the epic world he so admired. And, since the novel was a frowned-upon genre in the 18th century, Rousseau probably saw in autobiography a possibility and decided to evoke, at times, the prestige of the epic, as this would help to win over readers for his first confessional attempt at this genre, a less prejudiced interest on the part of men of letters. An attempt to place this type of work under the guise of an ancient and venerated genre, like the epic.

Rousseau & Rousseau in education: From Émile to a aia vigilante Joanna Rousseau de Villeneuve

2025-12-08T11:06:17-03:00

The surname Rousseau was not uncommon in the 18th century, but it is invariably linked to the Genevan philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778), whose production in various fields—such as music, politics, literature, and education—sparked controversies due to his innovative stance, which was in many ways distinct from his Enlightenment colleagues and other intellectuals of his time. His educational treatise, Émile, or On Education, first published in 1762, was a success but was condemned by authorities for presenting a new perspective on human formation. Undeniably, his pedagogical novel made history and influenced a current of educators who developed what was called the Active School or New Education. However, the signature Rousseau also belonged to another important 18th-century figure who, equally, caused controversy by presenting an educational treatise titled A Aia Vigilante (The Vigilant Governess), published in 1767. This was the Frenchwoman Joanna Rousseau de Villeneuve, of whom not much information is available, but who resided in Portugal and served as governess to the children of the Count of Oeiras, who later became the Marquis of Pombal. In this regard, several questions were raised: What is the relationship between the two authors? What influence did Jean-Jacques Rousseau have on the thought and work of Joanna Rousseau de Villeneuve? What are the similarities and differences between the two treatises? And what is the importance of A Aia Vigilante for modern education? To attempt to answer these questions, the present oral presentation summarizes the research process, linked to the project "The Children of Rousseau (the non-abandoned): The Influence of Jean-Jacques Rousseau on the New Education," of the PPGE/FE/UFG. The research develops a comparative approach between the two works, utilizing the hermeneutic method, supported by bibliographic research of texts by commentators and interpreters of both. Some conclusions are signaled, such as the fact that, although influenced by the Genevan, the French educator did not innovate as much, even though she caused controversy in her time, but more for her status as a woman than for her claims.

Rousseau and the “Copernican revolution” in education: The case of negative education

2025-12-08T11:37:20-03:00

The revolution operationalized by Rousseau in modern education, more specifically in the education of the child, is commonplace. This revolution became known as the "Copernican Revolution," in reference to Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543), who, in the sixteenth century, changed the geocentric theory to the theory of heliocentrism, with the sun figuring as the center of the universe and the planets revolving around it. Analogous to this, Rousseau does something similar in education, for, instead of the content or the master, the most important element in education becomes the child. With this, the Genevan philosopher radicalized the way of thinking about the child and their education, and how they ought to learn. Thus, the present work aims to explore negative education as one of the aspects of the "Copernican Revolution" in Rousseau's thought. Rousseau's educational project, grounded in negative education as the pillar of the book Émile, or On Education, describes that education adopts principles and tends towards the purpose of forming a human being humanized by the education of nature, also characterized by negative education, forged mainly between the ages of two and twelve. The methodology adopted in the elaboration of this research is bibliographic, with emphasis on the analysis and interpretation of educational ideas, consulting the aforementioned work and other authors who deal with education and negative education in Rousseau. The conclusion is that negative education, as a precept of education for the child undertaken since Émile's birth, is aimed at a higher degree which is to favor the child's flourishing instead of demanding that they answer to moral, social, and cultural questions before the so-called age of reason.

The development of memory in the pedagogical process of conscientization according to Jean-Jacques Rousseau

2025-12-08T11:41:52-03:00

This work addresses the development of memory in the pedagogical process of conscientization (awareness/consciousness-raising) according to Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Beyond the acquisition of physiological memories over the chronological duration of human life, it investigates their action in the teaching-learning process of the artist as a being capable of lending their body to theatrical characters. The artist acquires the capacity to learn to use the body, their instrument of work, to directly access memories in the temporal projection of the characters that figure on the theatrical stage. Given the recollections stemming from sensory development, the body apprehends, in the scenic act, the movement for the transmutation of the human persona into the theatrical work of art itself. For the scenic action to be faithful to the theatrical composition, memory must, in the actor's body, make meaningful expressions of imitation aimed at appearance. In this endeavor, we investigate the pedagogical development conceived by Rousseau in Émile, or On Education to establish the physical and intellectual movement up to the scenic peak, whether it occurs in the theater or in society. In addition to the pedagogical novel, we will use the Letter to D'Alembert on the Theater, the Essay on the Origin of Languages, the Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men, and On the Social Contract. For the intimate characterizations of the figures, we will use the triad that brings life to the persona of the composer who is Rousseau himself in his writings: The Reveries of the Solitary Walker, The Confessions, Dialogues: Rousseau Judge of Jean-Jacques, and finally, the concept of theatrical words in the Dictionary of Music. Thus, these works will reveal a wide range of characters that compose the Rousseauist theatrical plot, which configures the pedagogical, the political, and the aesthetic. Since the theater is limited to a temporal, textual, and figurative space, given the prescribed circumstances for its existence, it is necessary to understand the role of consciousness in the face of aesthetic education.

Ethics and aesthetics of the soul in the philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau

2025-12-08T11:46:04-03:00

The purpose of this text is to reflect upon the idea of return to interiority (rentrer à soi), which we frequently encounter in the writings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and to argue that this idea enables an ethical path that culminates in an aesthetics of the soul. Considering the idea of the aesthetics of the soul as a form of realization of man's inner nature—or, rather, a way through which the soul can achieve its expansion and realize itself fully—we can understand that, far from being restricted to a superficial aesthetics, the beautiful would be the manifestation of the soul's inner harmony. This realization seems to occur not only in the various characters of the Rousseauian body of work but also, as can be gathered from his autobiographical writings, in the philosopher's own life.

Rousseau and the myth of Glaucus: A reflection on information ethics

2025-12-08T11:53:23-03:00

The scope of this text is to analyze ethics and responsibility in the dissemination of informational data in light of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's thought, based on a hermeneutics of the passage about the Platonic allegory of the statue of Glaucus as it appears in the Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men. In examining this passage, which harks back to the myth of the sea-god Glaucus referenced in Plato's dialogues The Republic and The Laws, in addition to texts extracted from Ovid’s Metamorphoses, an Information Ethics concept is delineated. This concept reaffirms the inseparability—suggested by the Heraclitean maxim ethos anthropou daimon—between the ethical form and political action, highlighting the existence of a bridge that connects, on one side, the notion of daimon as action identified with a eudaimonic purpose, as conceived by Aristotle in the Nicomachean Ethics, and, on the other, the notion of ethos as identified with the deontological character, as conceived by Kant in the Critique of Practical Reason. This is a perspective in which the wonder accompanying the nuances of the metamorphosing magic wrought by the sorceress Circe within the mythical narrative represents the philosophical step of thaumadzein (wonder) toward an ethics of recognition. This ethics is grounded in the acknowledgment that the human individual, even within the most corrupt society, remains essentially good and free to activate the magical power of transformation that makes them akin to the divine. The practical and contemporary relevance of this reflection is shown in the face of the phenomenon of disinformation made possible by the unethical dissemination of informational data, where the concept of the information society, as a harmony between the form of the ethos of philosophical contemplation and the action of the political daimon, remains a challenge to the intelligence focused on the problem of ethical responsibility today.

The theatre of lights by Rousseau and Manuel de Figueiredo: A dialogue with their theatrical proposals

2025-12-08T14:23:16-03:00

This paper analyzes the presence of Enlightenment ideas in the work of the 18th-century Portuguese playwright Manuel de Figueiredo (1725-1801), using as references the theatrical works written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778); it is a search for the theatrical developments of the Enlightenment movement in the culture of 18th-century Portugal. Rousseau's dramaturgy and theatrical writings can well illustrate the theatrical discussions of the 18th-century philosophers who pointed towards a new theater, with new proposals for dramaturgy and for the stage itself. The vast body of work by Manuel de Figueiredo, dedicated to the theatre – yet so little performed and known – reflects elements of a Portugal that, after the Lisbon earthquake, opened itself to the Enlightenment. Theatre stages were the privileged public space for the most heated discussions and the most famous clashes of ideas on the various themes that so stirred the restless and curious minds of the Enlightenment. The passionate interest in French theatre has ancient roots and was expressed both in public squares and in the halls of palaces, as well as in the wealthy residences of the rising bourgeoisie of the 18th century. Not only France, but all of Europe was experiencing the general transformations that the Enlightenment demanded. Portugal, in the first half of the Age of Enlightenment, had not yet breathed those new airs, but from the second half of the 18th century onwards, it also experienced the force of that entire movement, exemplified here in this communication, in the work of Manuel de Figueiredo. From the quotation, taken from the Roman poet Horace, which opens the first of thirteen volumes dedicated to theatre in Manuel de Figueiredo's extensive work (“O imitatores sevum pecus” – imitators, flock of servants), the playwright's concern with aesthetic themes discussed in the Enlightenment, such as imitation, verisimilitude, and their implications, is perceptible. Even though it is a short text, the Portuguese author's Prologue acts as a synthesis of the issues discussed by Rousseau in his Letter to d'Alembert on spectacles.

Transformation and acceptance: The inner journey in Rousseau's third walk

2025-12-08T14:28:04-03:00

In the final years of his life, Rousseau dedicated himself to writing meditations that would be compiled, posthumously, in the work Reveries of the Solitary Walker (Les Rêveries du Promeneur Solitaire). In these texts, emerging amid social distancing and the need to find an internal refuge, the philosopher reflects on his existence, his transformations, and his relationship with time and nature. The Third Walk occupies a central place in this journey by examining the physical and moral changes perceived after the age of forty, highlighting the consciousness of aging and the need for reconnection with the self. In the development of these meditations, one observes how the experience of transformation and the passing of time leads to the valuing of the consciousness of one's own existence. Solitude, far from being merely a withdrawal from others, becomes a space for self-knowledge and inner resilience, especially in the face of the hostility, calumnies, and isolation to which the philosopher was subjected in his final years. In this fragment, the Genevan confronts the limitations imposed by life while simultaneously seeking, in memory and the perception of nature, means of reaffirming himself. Thus, the Third Walk is inserted into the work as a landmark of Rousseau's spiritual maturity, representing a moment of break with the social hostility he faced and a reconstruction of the self based on his own sensitive experience. The imagery language, the rhythms of the prose, and the fusion between nature and subjectivity that permeate this fragment make it an anticipation of themes that would become central in Romanticism and in existential reflections that gained strength from the 19th century onward. This also highlights its relevance in contemporary society, marked by the fragmentation of human relationships, the acceleration of time, and the need to value inner experience, memory, and transformation—all fundamental for preserving the meaning of human existence.

Self-love, pity, and amour-propre: The place of feeling in Rousseau’s Second Discourse

2025-12-08T14:32:21-03:00

This article examines the role of the feelings of self-love (amour de soi), pity, and vanity-driven self-love (amour-propre) in Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality Among Men. The aim is to clarify how these feelings contribute to understanding the transition from the state of nature to civil society, and to what extent they may act as moral restraints against human degeneration in social life. The study begins with the analysis of the state of nature, in which amour de soi and pity guide self-preservation and spontaneous solidarity. It then explores the Golden Age, an intermediate stage in which the emergence of language, community life, and early affective bonds leads to the rise of amour-propre. Finally, it addresses the civil state, characterized by the strengthening of amour-propre and the weakening of amour de soi and pity, resulting in vanity, rivalry, and inequality. The article argues that, although a return to the natural state is impossible, amour de soi and pity remain as potential ethical regulators of social life, offering alternatives to resist the logic of appearances, competition, and narcissism in contemporary society. Rousseau’s critique thus proves to be remarkably relevant today, highlighting the importance of cultivating sentiments as a path toward more egalitarian and supportive coexistence.

Rousseau and the architectonics of the second section of Kant's Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals

2025-12-08T14:36:59-03:00

Kant's Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals is a preparatory work for the Critique of Practical Reason, and its declared objective is the search for and determination of the supreme principle of morality. Following a procedure distinct from that used in the first critique, defined as synthetic, Kant proposes to analyze how ordinary human understanding correctly deals with certain notions of moral scope, despite not conceiving them in abstracto. Arguing that it is impossible to be guided by simple examples if we want to find the principle to which all morally oriented wills must submit, Kant locates in reason and the concepts that have their source in it the possibility of establishing rules that unconditionally unify the possibility of our actions. Only through reason would we be able to represent laws that produce in us the feeling of an infallible obligation, canceling, in the condition of rational beings, all sensible or natural motivation for our choices. Our objective is to show that the basic elements with which Kant elaborates and structures his argument, starting with the idea of rational beings, are already present in Rousseau’s On the Social Contract. Although we do not have space in this article for a detailed comparative analysis, we believe it is possible to indicate some links between the, so to speak, architectonic conception of the Kantian Groundwork, especially in its Second Section, and the elaboration of the concepts that support the thesis of the sovereign power of the general will, an unavoidable power when the hypothesis of the social pact is accepted.

Sovereignty, criticism of expansionism and peace in Kant

2025-12-08T14:41:06-03:00

The aim is to address Kant's concept of the State and sovereignty and their implications for both criticism of state expansionism and its defense of peace as a legal imperative. This study examines, above all, the third and fifth preliminary articles of *Towards Perpetual Peace* (1795) and paragraphs 57 and 58 of *The Metaphysics of Morals* (1797). It argues that Kant bases his exposition on a priori jurisphilosophical principles, conceiving of the State and its sovereignty, based on the original contract, not as a thing but as a society of human beings, as a moral person. This also underlies the rejection of wars of extermination and subjugation, as they would imply moral annihilation, since they result in the fusion of the vanquished people with the victor or in their enslavement. Furthermore, the aim is to clarify the contrast between this view of the Prussian philosopher and peace treaties, which, from a practical standpoint, were often established based on the exigencies of circumstances and the interests at stake, yet were ineffective in promoting lasting peace. It should be demonstrated that this critique is intertwined with Kant's reformist stance, which, in turn, is related to his defense of ongoing human progress, which needs to be encouraged, considering its importance for the internal and external improvement of the state.

Science, morality, and the public good: Reflections on knowledge serving society in Rousseau and Mercier

2025-12-08T14:45:09-03:00

Rousseau became famous for his strong critiques of the evils arising from social relations, including those allegedly caused by the progress of sciences and arts throughout the centuries, which, as the philosopher argued in his First Discourse, were not accompanied by advancements in the fields of morality and politics. Thus, the forms of civility of modern peoples seemed to him tainted by corruption in various ways, something that the sciences and arts not only helped to aggravate but also to conceal with "garlands of flowers" over the chains of servitude, as in the Discourse's famous image. However, while this negative diagnosis appears to prevail in the Genevan's work, it is equally challenged by the author with an intriguing perspective which, near the text's conclusion, highlights academies as a way to combat the harms generated by the sciences and arts, drawing the remedy from the very source of the evil to be fought. If these institutions were supported by rulers and led by scholars genuinely imbued with the desire to contribute to the happiness of the people, the sciences and arts diffused by them would unite with virtue and become sources of "agreeable lights" and "salutary instruction" for humankind, according to the thinker. Even if they were palliative measures in the broader context of a historical scenario far removed from the political and moral values nurtured by Rousseau, the emphasis placed on these initiatives encourages us to discuss the complexity of the philosopher's ideas regarding the social role of science and art, moving beyond mere condemnation and incorporating new elements found in his other texts. In this regard, it also allows us to build bridges with the study of the work of another author whose writing was, in many aspects, inspired by Rousseau: the Frenchman Louis-Sébastien Mercier. In his futuristic fiction The Year 2440, he outlined the scenario of a society perfected by the realization of Enlightenment ideals, which would have led to a republican regime in France, as well as considerable improvements in the population's living conditions, especially through a more rational organization of resources and available spaces. In the utopia dreamed up by Mercier, scientific knowledge advanced significantly and was allied with the moral formation of citizens, as in the case of children whose education used Diderot and d’Alembert's Encyclopédie as an elementary primer, or teenagers who were taught to contextualize the human place in the order of the universe by contemplating, with the telescope and the microscope, the "two infinities" of nature. Therefore, by analyzing these and other uses of science and technology in the service of society, as portrayed by Mercier, we can reflect alongside him and Rousseau on the importance of this knowledge and these instruments for the public good, especially in our era marked by practices of scientific denialism and disinformation.

Rousseau and populism

2025-12-08T14:50:30-03:00

This text aims to argue for the interest and fruitfulness of the concept of populism for understanding certain aspects of democracy in the 21st century. We will do this using Rousseau's political philosophy as a kind of "testing ground." In particular, we will examine three important themes addressed by Rousseau in The Social Contract that are also relevant in contemporary discussions surrounding populism.

Harrington versus Rousseau: Republican constitutional projects

2025-12-08T14:54:34-03:00

James Harrington and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, modern republican thinkers linked respectively to the English and French traditions, despite having produced their thoughts in distinct political conjunctures, share a notable point of convergence: they elaborated constitutional projects for political intervention. On the one hand, Harrington developed the Oceana project, present in his work The Commonwealth of Oceana (1656), directed at England under Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate. Rousseau, on the other hand, at the request of Pasquale Paoli, conceived a Project for a Constitution for Corsica (1765). Considering the ties of Harrington and Rousseau to republicanism and the highlighted point of convergence, this article aims to analyze some republican aspects present in these political projects and, possibly, to correlate them. The ambition is, thus, to raise a discussion and perhaps promote a reflection on the proposed theme.

The general will in J.-J. Rousseau's texts on political interpretation

2025-12-08T14:58:48-03:00

The texts on political intervention were written between 1765 and 1771 in specific contexts. Despite the differences in the scenarios, the problems and interests affecting Corsica and Poland were the same, namely, foreign domination and the desire for emancipation of these peoples. Rousseau's intention with the Project for a Constitution for Corsica and the Considerations on the Government of Poland was not to give a constitution to both nations, but, starting from the political principles of The Social Contract, to guide them toward self-determination. This paper is an attempt at intersecting the mentioned works. Through this effort, we organize it as follows: 1. the connection between general will and nationalism; 2. economics and the debate between wealth and prosperity; 3. the volonté générale and its practical dimension.